Copper (Cu) - Element 29 | Properties & Electron Configuration

What is Copper?

Copper (Cu) is element 29, a transition metal in period 4, group 11. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s¹.

Atomic Number29
SymbolCu
Atomic Mass63.546 u
CategoryTransition Metal
Period4
Group11
Blockd
Electron Configuration1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
Short Config[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
Electronegativity1.9
Atomic Radius128 pm
Ionization Energy745 kJ/mol
Electron Affinity119 kJ/mol
Phase (STP)Solid

Electron Configuration

The full electron configuration of Copper is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s¹. In noble gas shorthand, this is written as [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹.

Copper is a d-block element in group 11, period 4.

Periodic Trends

Electronegativity: Copper has a Pauling electronegativity of 1.9. Within group 11, electronegativity generally decreases down the group.

Atomic Radius: 128 pm. Across period 4, atomic radius generally decreases left to right as nuclear charge increases.

Ionization Energy: 745 kJ/mol. Ionization energy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

View all 118 elements with trend overlays for electronegativity, atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity.

Explore Copper on the Interactive Periodic Table

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