Zirconium (Zr) - Element 40 | Properties & Electron Configuration

What is Zirconium?

Zirconium (Zr) is element 40, a transition metal in period 5, group 4. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d² 5s².

Atomic Number40
SymbolZr
Atomic Mass91.224 u
CategoryTransition Metal
Period5
Group4
Blockd
Electron Configuration1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d² 5s²
Short Config[Kr] 4d² 5s²
Electronegativity1.33
Atomic Radius155 pm
Ionization Energy640 kJ/mol
Electron Affinity41 kJ/mol
Phase (STP)Solid

Electron Configuration

The full electron configuration of Zirconium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d² 5s². In noble gas shorthand, this is written as [Kr] 4d² 5s².

Zirconium is a d-block element in group 4, period 5.

Periodic Trends

Electronegativity: Zirconium has a Pauling electronegativity of 1.33. Within group 4, electronegativity generally decreases down the group.

Atomic Radius: 155 pm. Across period 5, atomic radius generally decreases left to right as nuclear charge increases.

Ionization Energy: 640 kJ/mol. Ionization energy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

View all 118 elements with trend overlays for electronegativity, atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity.

Explore Zirconium on the Interactive Periodic Table

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