Is Sulfur Trioxide (SO₃) Polar or Nonpolar?

Is Sulfur Trioxide (SO₃) polar or nonpolar?

SO₃ has three polar S=O bonds (ΔEN = 0.86), but the trigonal planar geometry with 120° angles causes complete cancellation. No lone pair on sulfur to break the symmetry. Compare SO₃ (nonpolar) to SO₂ (polar) - one extra oxygen removes the lone pair.

FormulaSO₃
PolarityNonpolar
Molecular GeometryTrigonal Planar
S=O BondΔEN = 0.86 (polar)
Net DipoleNo - dipoles cancel

Bond Dipoles

Each S=O bond has ΔEN = 0.86 - moderately polar, just like in SO₂. Three identical dipoles radiate outward from the central sulfur at 120° angles.

Molecular Shape & Dipole Cancellation

SO₃ is trigonal planar (120°) because sulfur has no lone pairs - all three positions are occupied by S=O bonds. Compare to SO₂ where a lone pair creates the bent shape.

Net Dipole Moment

Three identical dipoles at 120° in a plane cancel exactly - the same reason BF₃ is nonpolar. SO₃ is nonpolar despite having polar bonds. This contrasts beautifully with SO₂ (bent, polar).

See bond dipoles, partial charges, and net dipole moments on interactive 3D molecules.

Visualize Sulfur Trioxide's Polarity in 3D

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