Silicon (Si) - Element 14 | Properties & Electron Configuration
What is Silicon?
Silicon (Si) is element 14, a metalloid in period 3, group 14. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p².
| Atomic Number | 14 |
| Symbol | Si |
| Atomic Mass | 28.086 u |
| Category | Metalloid |
| Period | 3 |
| Group | 14 |
| Block | p |
| Electron Configuration | 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p² |
| Short Config | [Ne] 3s² 3p² |
| Electronegativity | 1.9 |
| Atomic Radius | 110 pm |
| Ionization Energy | 786 kJ/mol |
| Electron Affinity | 134 kJ/mol |
| Phase (STP) | Solid |
Electron Configuration
The full electron configuration of Silicon is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p². In noble gas shorthand, this is written as [Ne] 3s² 3p².
Silicon is a p-block element in group 14, period 3.
Periodic Trends
Electronegativity: Silicon has a Pauling electronegativity of 1.9. Within group 14, electronegativity generally decreases down the group.
Atomic Radius: 110 pm. Across period 3, atomic radius generally decreases left to right as nuclear charge increases.
Ionization Energy: 786 kJ/mol. Ionization energy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.
View all 118 elements with trend overlays for electronegativity, atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity.
Explore Silicon on the Interactive Periodic TableRelated Topics
Carbon (C)
Properties of Carbon - same group as Silicon
Germanium (Ge)
Properties of Germanium - same group as Silicon
Tin (Sn)
Properties of Tin - same group as Silicon
Sodium (Na)
Properties of Sodium - same period as Silicon
Magnesium (Mg)
Properties of Magnesium - same period as Silicon
Aluminum (Al)
Properties of Aluminum - same period as Silicon