Magnesium (Mg) - Element 12 | Properties & Electron Configuration
What is Magnesium?
Magnesium (Mg) is element 12, a alkaline earth metal in period 3, group 2. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s².
| Atomic Number | 12 |
| Symbol | Mg |
| Atomic Mass | 24.305 u |
| Category | Alkaline Earth Metal |
| Period | 3 |
| Group | 2 |
| Block | s |
| Electron Configuration | 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² |
| Short Config | [Ne] 3s² |
| Electronegativity | 1.31 |
| Atomic Radius | 150 pm |
| Ionization Energy | 738 kJ/mol |
| Electron Affinity | N/A |
| Phase (STP) | Solid |
Electron Configuration
The full electron configuration of Magnesium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s². In noble gas shorthand, this is written as [Ne] 3s².
Magnesium is a s-block element in group 2, period 3.
Periodic Trends
Electronegativity: Magnesium has a Pauling electronegativity of 1.31. Within group 2, electronegativity generally decreases down the group.
Atomic Radius: 150 pm. Across period 3, atomic radius generally decreases left to right as nuclear charge increases.
Ionization Energy: 738 kJ/mol. Ionization energy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.
View all 118 elements with trend overlays for electronegativity, atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity.
Explore Magnesium on the Interactive Periodic TableRelated Topics
Beryllium (Be)
Properties of Beryllium - same group as Magnesium
Calcium (Ca)
Properties of Calcium - same group as Magnesium
Strontium (Sr)
Properties of Strontium - same group as Magnesium
Sodium (Na)
Properties of Sodium - same period as Magnesium
Aluminum (Al)
Properties of Aluminum - same period as Magnesium
Silicon (Si)
Properties of Silicon - same period as Magnesium